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PUBLICATION OF OWNERSHIP
All Clubs must publish on their website details of the owners (directly or indirectly, legally or beneficially) of 10% or more of the Club.
Failure to do so is a breach of Regulations and would be referred to the FDC.
Any Club in breach would be charged and would have to appear before a disciplinary commission.
We do not have the power to serve a notice of withdrawal of membership in such circumstances.
therefore all stakeholders must have less than 10%, but who are they?
That may be so, but it's wrong. Very wrong.
There in lies the issue of why you will never know this information as it is not demanded by any physical law..
3) The current requirement of mandatory public disclosure of
holdings of 10% or more in a club by the leagues should be
included in a comprehensive new licensing regime established
by the FA and should be reduced to any holding of over 1%
4) The disclosure of the ultimate beneficial owner(s) to the
leagues should be extended to the general public with the rules
consistently applied as part of the new FA licensing regime
We discovered that a total of 14 English
Premier League members and a further five
in the Championship, together with one in
League One and two in the Scottish League,
are now based offshore. Until recently, that
was also the case for one of the clubs in the
League of Ireland.
The locations of ownership of a further
English Premier League club, a
Championship club and a League One club
were impossible to verify.
The research resulted in a new ranking:
the Christian Aid Football Secrecy League.
Positions in the ranking reflect the extent
of secrecy surrounding the controlling
ownership of each club, multiplied by a
measure to reflect the number of fans being
denied information.
The clubs with the worst scores are therefore
those whose use of offshore secrecy
obscures both the clubs’ ultimate ownership
and financial position. As a result the
financial secrecy involved has the potential
to facilitate the greatest social harharm in
football.
Introduction Blowing the whistle 3
To establish the secrecy component, we
used the ‘Opacity Score’ of the tax haven or
other jurisdiction to which we were able to
trace the ownership of each club.
These Opacity Scores are taken from the
Financial Secrecy Index that was drawn
up recently by campaign group the Tax
Justice Network and Christian Aid, after
analysing the secrecy each haven (or secrecy
jurisdiction) offers, and the extent of their
reluctance to share information about those
using their services.3
As a measure of the size of clubs’ fan bases,
we used the average home attendance. This
rough figure, although including visiting
fans, provides the most consistent proxy for a
club’s supporter numbers – the stakeholders
who are routinely denied information about
their club’s financial fortunes.
Manchester United is used to winning most
trophies that are available; it also heads this
new ranking. Although the identities of its
apparent owners are seemingly known – the
Glazer family from the US – full details of
their business empire remain a tax-haven
mystery. This makes the club, thanks to the
size of the gate at Old Trafford, the single
biggest contributor to football’s financial
secrecy in the UK and Ireland (see the
Christian Aid Football Secrecy League,
page 18).
It isn’t just the curse of financial secrecy,
however, that links football fans in the UK
and the Republic of Ireland and people living
in grinding poverty in poor countries.
The changes needed to tackle financial
secrecy in football are the same that are
needed to lift the secrecy that affects
the developing world. Those who care
about football, and those who care about
eradicating poverty, should together demand
three major reforms.
Tax dodging in poor countries could be
greatly reduced if companies trading
internationally were required to declare
the profits made and the tax paid in every
country where they operate. That way,
tax anomalies could be quickly spotted
and investigated (see ‘Tax dodging in the
developing world’, page 21).
A similar rule, if applied to the owners of
football clubs and their companies, would
enable supporters and football’s ruling
bodies alike to see where club owners’
assets and liabilities are held, and to know
the size of both.
Armed with that information, fans would be
far better placed to judge whether those with
the resources of the club at their disposal
amount to fit and proper owners (see ‘The Fit
and Proper Person Test’, page 10).
Measures are also needed that would trigger
far greater transparency in the business
world. The ownership or control of each
company, corporation, trust, partnership,
The changes needed to tackle financial
secrecy in football are the same that are
needed to lift the secrecy that affects the
developing world.
Calls for reform are getting louder..
I clicked on the link, it was formatted better
I fully agree with the ownership structure argument btw. Not sure that's the same as asking for the names of investors. I like to know where things are going and yes, I see the argument that the ultimate 'owner' of ARVO say would be nice to know... even if it is just Seppala. The minutiae less so however.
Issue is that it's too late, almost 1/5 of English Clubs from the conference up are owned by offshore owners.. It's not something you can just click your fingers and change..
Well... you can change it... if the will is there.
I've gotta go to work now, no time to be neat.. cya!
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